化学品概述
白色或类白色结晶性粉末。呈弱碱性,微溶于水(约0.2%),易溶于有机溶剂。酸性条件下不稳定。
基本信息
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中文名称:
红霉素
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中文别名:
艾狄密新;红丝菌素;威霉素;无水红霉素;红霉素114-07-8;红霉素,98%;红霉素(标准品);ERYTHROMYCIN 红霉素
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英文名称:
Erythromycin
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英文别名:
knin;(-)-ErythroMycin, Eur.Ph.;ErythroMycin COS/CGMP;StreptoMyces erythreus;ERYTHROMYCIN THICYANATE;Ilotycin, ErythroMycin;BRAND? USP BLAUBRAND? class AS graduated pipette;BRAND? volumetric flask, USP, BLAUBRAND
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分子式:
C37H67NO13
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分子量:
733.92678 [g/mol]
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CAS:
114-07-8
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EINECS编号:
204-040-1
- MDL编号:
-
精确质量:
733.461241
- InChI:
- InChI Key:
-
MOL文件:
114-07-8.mol
- PSA:
- LogP:
- FEMA编码:
- COE编码:
理化性质
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外观性质:
powder;white to faint yellow
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熔点:
133-135 °C
- 沸点:
- 密度:
-
折射率:
-74 ° (C=2, EtOH)
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比旋光度:
-74.5 º (c=2, ethanol)
- 闪点:
- 溶解性:
-
酸度系数(pKa):
Soluble in water at 2mg/ml
- 相对极性:
- PH值:
- 爆炸极限值(explosive limit):
- 敏感性:
-
储存条件:
0-6°C
- 检测方法:
- 蒸气压:
-
Merck:
3681
- BRN:
- NIST化学物质信息:
-
EPA化学物质信息:
http://iaspub.epa.gov/sor_internet/registry/substreg/searchandretrieve/advancedsearch/search.do?search=?search=&searchCriteria(advancedCriteria)=casNumber=114-07-8
安全信息
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危化品标志:
Xn,Xi
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危化代码:
42/43-36/37/38
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安全代码:
45-37-24-36-26-24/25
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海关编码/HS编码:
29415000
- 危化品运输编码:
-
WGK Germany:
2
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RTECS:
KF4375000
- TSCA:
-
危化等级:
3
- 包装类别:
- 毒理资料:
- 灭火剂:
应用领域
红霉素能影响细菌的蛋白合成,一般对革兰阳性菌有效,主要用于治疗耐青霉素G的金色葡萄球菌引起的感染。红霉素是常用的大环内酯类抗生素,抗菌谱与青霉素相似,主要用于对青霉素过敏患者,或对青霉素耐药的金葡菌感染,亦可用于链球菌、肺炎球菌的感染及白喉带菌者。本品为大环内酯类抗生素衍生物中间体属抑菌型抗生素,抗菌谱与青菌素相似在转肽步骤抑制延长期,靠结合到核糖体上抑制细菌蛋白合成,对细菌诱发红霉素抗性。抗菌谱: 革兰氏阴性和阳性细菌。 属大环内酯抗生素(Macrolide antibiotic)
制备方法/合成路线
该品是由红色链丝菌(Streptomyces erythreus)培养液中提取的一种碱性抗生素。提纯时,利用它在不同的酸碱度溶解在不同溶剂中的特性,用乙酸丁酯和水溶液反复抽提,达到浓缩提纯的目的,最后在乙酸丁酯溶液中进行冷冻结晶,得红霉素碱。
参考资料
- Antibiotic substance produced by a strain of Streptomyces erythreus (Waksman) Waksman & Henrici, found in a soil sample from the Philippine Archipelago. Isoln: McGuire et al., Antibiot. Chemother. 2, 281 (1952); Bunch, McGuire, US 2653899 (1953 to Lilly); Clark, Jr., US 2823203 (1958 to Abbott). Properties: Flynn et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 76, 3121 (1954). Solubility data: Weiss et al., Antibiot. Chemother. 7, 374 (1957). Structure: Wiley et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 6062 (1957). Configuration: Hofheinz, Grisebach, Ber. 96, 2867 (1963); Harris et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 1965, 679. There are three erythromycins produced during fermentation, designated A, B, and C; A is the major and most important component. Erythromycins A and B contain the same sugar moieties, desosamine, q.v., and cladinose (3-O-methylmycarose). They differ in position 12 of the aglycone, erythronolide, A having an hydroxyl substituent. Component C contains desosamine and the same aglycone present in A but differs by the presence of mycarose, q.v., instead of cladinose. Structure of B: P. F. Wiley et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 6070 (1957); of C: eidem, ibid. 6074. Synthesis of the aglycone, erythronolide B: E. J. Corey et al., ibid. 100, 4618, 4620 (1978); of erythronolide A: eidem, ibid. 101, 7131 (1979). Asymmetric total synthesis of erythromycin A: R. B. Woodward et al., ibid. 103, 3215 (1981). NMR spectrum of A: D. J. Ager, C. K. Sood, Magn. Reson. Chem. 25, 948 (1987). HPLC determn in plasma: W. Xiao et al., J. Chromatogr. B 817, 153 (2005). Biosynthesis: Martin, Goldstein, Prog. Antimicrob. Anticancer Chemother., Proc. 6th Int. Congr. Chemother. II, 1112 (1970); Martin et al., Tetrahedron 31, 1985 (1975). Cloning and expression of clustered biosynthetic genes: R. Stanzak et al., Biotechnology 4, 229 (1986). Reviews: T. J. Perun in Drug Action and Drug Resistance in Bacteria 1, S. Mitsuhashi, Ed. (University Park Press, Baltimore, 1977) pp 123-152; Oleinick
- MSDS
图谱
计算化学数据
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疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):
2.7
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氢键供体数量 :
5
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氢键受体数量:
14
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可旋转化学键数量:
7
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拓扑分子机型表面积(TPSA) :
194
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重原子数量:
51
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形式电荷:
0
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复杂度:
1180
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同位素原子数量:
0
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确定原子立构中心数量:
18
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不确定原子立构中心数量:
0
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确定化学键立构中心数量:
0
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不确定化学键立构中心数量:
0
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共价键单元数量:
1